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from collections import OrderedDict, namedtuple 

from functools import wraps 

import inspect 

import re 

import warnings 

 

import numpy as np 

 

import matplotlib 

from . import cbook, docstring, rcParams 

from .path import Path 

from .transforms import (Bbox, IdentityTransform, Transform, TransformedBbox, 

TransformedPatchPath, TransformedPath) 

# Note, matplotlib artists use the doc strings for set and get 

# methods to enable the introspection methods of setp and getp. Every 

# set_* method should have a docstring containing the line 

# 

# ACCEPTS: [ legal | values ] 

# 

# and aliases for setters and getters should have a docstring that 

# starts with 'alias for ', as in 'alias for set_somemethod' 

# 

# You may wonder why we use so much boiler-plate manually defining the 

# set_alias and get_alias functions, rather than using some clever 

# python trick. The answer is that I need to be able to manipulate 

# the docstring, and there is no clever way to do that in python 2.2, 

# as far as I can see - see 

# 

# https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2004-October/242925.html 

 

 

def allow_rasterization(draw): 

""" 

Decorator for Artist.draw method. Provides routines 

that run before and after the draw call. The before and after functions 

are useful for changing artist-dependent renderer attributes or making 

other setup function calls, such as starting and flushing a mixed-mode 

renderer. 

""" 

 

# the axes class has a second argument inframe for its draw method. 

@wraps(draw) 

def draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs): 

try: 

if artist.get_rasterized(): 

renderer.start_rasterizing() 

if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None: 

renderer.start_filter() 

 

return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs) 

finally: 

if artist.get_agg_filter() is not None: 

renderer.stop_filter(artist.get_agg_filter()) 

if artist.get_rasterized(): 

renderer.stop_rasterizing() 

 

draw_wrapper._supports_rasterization = True 

return draw_wrapper 

 

 

def _stale_axes_callback(self, val): 

if self.axes: 

self.axes.stale = val 

 

 

_XYPair = namedtuple("_XYPair", "x y") 

 

 

class Artist(object): 

""" 

Abstract base class for someone who renders into a 

:class:`FigureCanvas`. 

""" 

 

aname = 'Artist' 

zorder = 0 

# order of precedence when bulk setting/updating properties 

# via update. The keys should be property names and the values 

# integers 

_prop_order = dict(color=-1) 

 

def __init__(self): 

self._stale = True 

self.stale_callback = None 

self._axes = None 

self.figure = None 

 

self._transform = None 

self._transformSet = False 

self._visible = True 

self._animated = False 

self._alpha = None 

self.clipbox = None 

self._clippath = None 

self._clipon = True 

self._label = '' 

self._picker = None 

self._contains = None 

self._rasterized = None 

self._agg_filter = None 

self._mouseover = False 

self.eventson = False # fire events only if eventson 

self._oid = 0 # an observer id 

self._propobservers = {} # a dict from oids to funcs 

try: 

self.axes = None 

except AttributeError: 

# Handle self.axes as a read-only property, as in Figure. 

pass 

self._remove_method = None 

self._url = None 

self._gid = None 

self._snap = None 

self._sketch = rcParams['path.sketch'] 

self._path_effects = rcParams['path.effects'] 

self._sticky_edges = _XYPair([], []) 

self._in_layout = True 

 

def __getstate__(self): 

d = self.__dict__.copy() 

# remove the unpicklable remove method, this will get re-added on load 

# (by the axes) if the artist lives on an axes. 

d['stale_callback'] = None 

return d 

 

def remove(self): 

""" 

Remove the artist from the figure if possible. The effect 

will not be visible until the figure is redrawn, e.g., with 

:meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.draw_idle`. Call 

:meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.relim` to update the axes limits 

if desired. 

 

Note: :meth:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.relim` will not see 

collections even if the collection was added to axes with 

*autolim* = True. 

 

Note: there is no support for removing the artist's legend entry. 

""" 

 

# There is no method to set the callback. Instead the parent should 

# set the _remove_method attribute directly. This would be a 

# protected attribute if Python supported that sort of thing. The 

# callback has one parameter, which is the child to be removed. 

if self._remove_method is not None: 

self._remove_method(self) 

# clear stale callback 

self.stale_callback = None 

_ax_flag = False 

if hasattr(self, 'axes') and self.axes: 

# remove from the mouse hit list 

self.axes._mouseover_set.discard(self) 

# mark the axes as stale 

self.axes.stale = True 

# decouple the artist from the axes 

self.axes = None 

_ax_flag = True 

 

if self.figure: 

self.figure = None 

if not _ax_flag: 

self.figure = True 

 

else: 

raise NotImplementedError('cannot remove artist') 

# TODO: the fix for the collections relim problem is to move the 

# limits calculation into the artist itself, including the property of 

# whether or not the artist should affect the limits. Then there will 

# be no distinction between axes.add_line, axes.add_patch, etc. 

# TODO: add legend support 

 

def have_units(self): 

'Return *True* if units are set on the *x* or *y* axes' 

ax = self.axes 

if ax is None or ax.xaxis is None: 

return False 

return ax.xaxis.have_units() or ax.yaxis.have_units() 

 

def convert_xunits(self, x): 

"""For artists in an axes, if the xaxis has units support, 

convert *x* using xaxis unit type 

""" 

ax = getattr(self, 'axes', None) 

if ax is None or ax.xaxis is None: 

return x 

return ax.xaxis.convert_units(x) 

 

def convert_yunits(self, y): 

"""For artists in an axes, if the yaxis has units support, 

convert *y* using yaxis unit type 

""" 

ax = getattr(self, 'axes', None) 

if ax is None or ax.yaxis is None: 

return y 

return ax.yaxis.convert_units(y) 

 

@property 

def axes(self): 

""" 

The :class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes` instance the artist 

resides in, or *None*. 

""" 

return self._axes 

 

@axes.setter 

def axes(self, new_axes): 

if (new_axes is not None and self._axes is not None 

and new_axes != self._axes): 

raise ValueError("Can not reset the axes. You are probably " 

"trying to re-use an artist in more than one " 

"Axes which is not supported") 

self._axes = new_axes 

if new_axes is not None and new_axes is not self: 

self.stale_callback = _stale_axes_callback 

return new_axes 

 

@property 

def stale(self): 

""" 

If the artist is 'stale' and needs to be re-drawn for the output to 

match the internal state of the artist. 

""" 

return self._stale 

 

@stale.setter 

def stale(self, val): 

self._stale = val 

 

# if the artist is animated it does not take normal part in the 

# draw stack and is not expected to be drawn as part of the normal 

# draw loop (when not saving) so do not propagate this change 

if self.get_animated(): 

return 

 

if val and self.stale_callback is not None: 

self.stale_callback(self, val) 

 

def get_window_extent(self, renderer): 

""" 

Get the axes bounding box in display space. 

Subclasses should override for inclusion in the bounding box 

"tight" calculation. Default is to return an empty bounding 

box at 0, 0. 

 

Be careful when using this function, the results will not update 

if the artist window extent of the artist changes. The extent 

can change due to any changes in the transform stack, such as 

changing the axes limits, the figure size, or the canvas used 

(as is done when saving a figure). This can lead to unexpected 

behavior where interactive figures will look fine on the screen, 

but will save incorrectly. 

""" 

return Bbox([[0, 0], [0, 0]]) 

 

def get_tightbbox(self, renderer): 

""" 

Like `Artist.get_window_extent`, but includes any clipping. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

renderer : `.RendererBase` instance 

renderer that will be used to draw the figures (i.e. 

``fig.canvas.get_renderer()``) 

 

Returns 

------- 

bbox : `.BboxBase` 

containing the bounding box (in figure pixel co-ordinates). 

""" 

 

bbox = self.get_window_extent(renderer) 

if self.get_clip_on(): 

clip_box = self.get_clip_box() 

if clip_box is not None: 

bbox = Bbox.intersection(bbox, clip_box) 

clip_path = self.get_clip_path() 

if clip_path is not None and bbox is not None: 

clip_path = clip_path.get_fully_transformed_path() 

bbox = Bbox.intersection(bbox, clip_path.get_extents()) 

return bbox 

 

def add_callback(self, func): 

""" 

Adds a callback function that will be called whenever one of 

the :class:`Artist`'s properties changes. 

 

Returns an *id* that is useful for removing the callback with 

:meth:`remove_callback` later. 

""" 

oid = self._oid 

self._propobservers[oid] = func 

self._oid += 1 

return oid 

 

def remove_callback(self, oid): 

""" 

Remove a callback based on its *id*. 

 

.. seealso:: 

 

:meth:`add_callback` 

For adding callbacks 

 

""" 

try: 

del self._propobservers[oid] 

except KeyError: 

pass 

 

def pchanged(self): 

""" 

Fire an event when property changed, calling all of the 

registered callbacks. 

""" 

for oid, func in self._propobservers.items(): 

func(self) 

 

def is_transform_set(self): 

""" 

Returns *True* if :class:`Artist` has a transform explicitly 

set. 

""" 

return self._transformSet 

 

def set_transform(self, t): 

""" 

Set the artist transform. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

t : `.Transform` 

""" 

self._transform = t 

self._transformSet = True 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

def get_transform(self): 

""" 

Return the :class:`~matplotlib.transforms.Transform` 

instance used by this artist. 

""" 

if self._transform is None: 

self._transform = IdentityTransform() 

elif (not isinstance(self._transform, Transform) 

and hasattr(self._transform, '_as_mpl_transform')): 

self._transform = self._transform._as_mpl_transform(self.axes) 

return self._transform 

 

@cbook.deprecated("2.2") 

def hitlist(self, event): 

""" 

List the children of the artist which contain the mouse event *event*. 

""" 

L = [] 

try: 

hascursor, info = self.contains(event) 

if hascursor: 

L.append(self) 

except: 

import traceback 

traceback.print_exc() 

print("while checking", self.__class__) 

 

for a in self.get_children(): 

L.extend(a.hitlist(event)) 

return L 

 

def get_children(self): 

""" 

Return a list of the child :class:`Artist`s this 

:class:`Artist` contains. 

""" 

return [] 

 

def contains(self, mouseevent): 

"""Test whether the artist contains the mouse event. 

 

Returns the truth value and a dictionary of artist specific details of 

selection, such as which points are contained in the pick radius. See 

individual artists for details. 

""" 

if callable(self._contains): 

return self._contains(self, mouseevent) 

warnings.warn("'%s' needs 'contains' method" % self.__class__.__name__) 

return False, {} 

 

def set_contains(self, picker): 

""" 

Replace the contains test used by this artist. The new picker 

should be a callable function which determines whether the 

artist is hit by the mouse event:: 

 

hit, props = picker(artist, mouseevent) 

 

If the mouse event is over the artist, return *hit* = *True* 

and *props* is a dictionary of properties you want returned 

with the contains test. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

picker : callable 

""" 

self._contains = picker 

 

def get_contains(self): 

""" 

Return the _contains test used by the artist, or *None* for default. 

""" 

return self._contains 

 

def pickable(self): 

'Return *True* if :class:`Artist` is pickable.' 

return (self.figure is not None and 

self.figure.canvas is not None and 

self._picker is not None) 

 

def pick(self, mouseevent): 

""" 

Process pick event 

 

each child artist will fire a pick event if *mouseevent* is over 

the artist and the artist has picker set 

""" 

# Pick self 

if self.pickable(): 

picker = self.get_picker() 

if callable(picker): 

inside, prop = picker(self, mouseevent) 

else: 

inside, prop = self.contains(mouseevent) 

if inside: 

self.figure.canvas.pick_event(mouseevent, self, **prop) 

 

# Pick children 

for a in self.get_children(): 

# make sure the event happened in the same axes 

ax = getattr(a, 'axes', None) 

if (mouseevent.inaxes is None or ax is None 

or mouseevent.inaxes == ax): 

# we need to check if mouseevent.inaxes is None 

# because some objects associated with an axes (e.g., a 

# tick label) can be outside the bounding box of the 

# axes and inaxes will be None 

# also check that ax is None so that it traverse objects 

# which do no have an axes property but children might 

a.pick(mouseevent) 

 

def set_picker(self, picker): 

""" 

Set the epsilon for picking used by this artist 

 

*picker* can be one of the following: 

 

* *None*: picking is disabled for this artist (default) 

 

* A boolean: if *True* then picking will be enabled and the 

artist will fire a pick event if the mouse event is over 

the artist 

 

* A float: if picker is a number it is interpreted as an 

epsilon tolerance in points and the artist will fire 

off an event if it's data is within epsilon of the mouse 

event. For some artists like lines and patch collections, 

the artist may provide additional data to the pick event 

that is generated, e.g., the indices of the data within 

epsilon of the pick event 

 

* A function: if picker is callable, it is a user supplied 

function which determines whether the artist is hit by the 

mouse event:: 

 

hit, props = picker(artist, mouseevent) 

 

to determine the hit test. if the mouse event is over the 

artist, return *hit=True* and props is a dictionary of 

properties you want added to the PickEvent attributes. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

picker : None or bool or float or callable 

""" 

self._picker = picker 

 

def get_picker(self): 

"""Return the picker object used by this artist.""" 

return self._picker 

 

@cbook.deprecated("2.2", "artist.figure is not None") 

def is_figure_set(self): 

"""Returns whether the artist is assigned to a `.Figure`.""" 

return self.figure is not None 

 

def get_url(self): 

"""Returns the url.""" 

return self._url 

 

def set_url(self, url): 

""" 

Sets the url for the artist. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

url : str 

""" 

self._url = url 

 

def get_gid(self): 

"""Returns the group id.""" 

return self._gid 

 

def set_gid(self, gid): 

""" 

Sets the (group) id for the artist. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

gid : str 

""" 

self._gid = gid 

 

def get_snap(self): 

""" 

Returns the snap setting which may be: 

 

* True: snap vertices to the nearest pixel center 

 

* False: leave vertices as-is 

 

* None: (auto) If the path contains only rectilinear line 

segments, round to the nearest pixel center 

 

Only supported by the Agg and MacOSX backends. 

""" 

if rcParams['path.snap']: 

return self._snap 

else: 

return False 

 

def set_snap(self, snap): 

""" 

Sets the snap setting which may be: 

 

* True: snap vertices to the nearest pixel center 

 

* False: leave vertices as-is 

 

* None: (auto) If the path contains only rectilinear line 

segments, round to the nearest pixel center 

 

Only supported by the Agg and MacOSX backends. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

snap : bool or None 

""" 

self._snap = snap 

self.stale = True 

 

def get_sketch_params(self): 

""" 

Returns the sketch parameters for the artist. 

 

Returns 

------- 

sketch_params : tuple or `None` 

 

A 3-tuple with the following elements: 

 

* `scale`: The amplitude of the wiggle perpendicular to the 

source line. 

 

* `length`: The length of the wiggle along the line. 

 

* `randomness`: The scale factor by which the length is 

shrunken or expanded. 

 

May return `None` if no sketch parameters were set. 

""" 

return self._sketch 

 

def set_sketch_params(self, scale=None, length=None, randomness=None): 

""" 

Sets the sketch parameters. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

 

scale : float, optional 

The amplitude of the wiggle perpendicular to the source 

line, in pixels. If scale is `None`, or not provided, no 

sketch filter will be provided. 

 

length : float, optional 

The length of the wiggle along the line, in pixels 

(default 128.0) 

 

randomness : float, optional 

The scale factor by which the length is shrunken or 

expanded (default 16.0) 

 

.. ACCEPTS: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float) 

""" 

if scale is None: 

self._sketch = None 

else: 

self._sketch = (scale, length or 128.0, randomness or 16.0) 

self.stale = True 

 

def set_path_effects(self, path_effects): 

"""Set the path effects. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

path_effects : `.AbstractPathEffect` 

""" 

self._path_effects = path_effects 

self.stale = True 

 

def get_path_effects(self): 

return self._path_effects 

 

def get_figure(self): 

"""Return the `.Figure` instance the artist belongs to.""" 

return self.figure 

 

def set_figure(self, fig): 

""" 

Set the `.Figure` instance the artist belongs to. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

fig : `.Figure` 

""" 

# if this is a no-op just return 

if self.figure is fig: 

return 

# if we currently have a figure (the case of both `self.figure` 

# and `fig` being none is taken care of above) we then user is 

# trying to change the figure an artist is associated with which 

# is not allowed for the same reason as adding the same instance 

# to more than one Axes 

if self.figure is not None: 

raise RuntimeError("Can not put single artist in " 

"more than one figure") 

self.figure = fig 

if self.figure and self.figure is not self: 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

def set_clip_box(self, clipbox): 

""" 

Set the artist's clip `.Bbox`. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

clipbox : `.Bbox` 

""" 

self.clipbox = clipbox 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

def set_clip_path(self, path, transform=None): 

""" 

Set the artist's clip path, which may be: 

 

- a :class:`~matplotlib.patches.Patch` (or subclass) instance; or 

- a :class:`~matplotlib.path.Path` instance, in which case a 

:class:`~matplotlib.transforms.Transform` instance, which will be 

applied to the path before using it for clipping, must be provided; 

or 

- ``None``, to remove a previously set clipping path. 

 

For efficiency, if the path happens to be an axis-aligned rectangle, 

this method will set the clipping box to the corresponding rectangle 

and set the clipping path to ``None``. 

 

ACCEPTS: [(`~matplotlib.path.Path`, `.Transform`) | `.Patch` | None] 

""" 

from matplotlib.patches import Patch, Rectangle 

 

success = False 

if transform is None: 

if isinstance(path, Rectangle): 

self.clipbox = TransformedBbox(Bbox.unit(), 

path.get_transform()) 

self._clippath = None 

success = True 

elif isinstance(path, Patch): 

self._clippath = TransformedPatchPath(path) 

success = True 

elif isinstance(path, tuple): 

path, transform = path 

 

if path is None: 

self._clippath = None 

success = True 

elif isinstance(path, Path): 

self._clippath = TransformedPath(path, transform) 

success = True 

elif isinstance(path, TransformedPatchPath): 

self._clippath = path 

success = True 

elif isinstance(path, TransformedPath): 

self._clippath = path 

success = True 

 

if not success: 

raise TypeError( 

"Invalid arguments to set_clip_path, of type {} and {}" 

.format(type(path).__name__, type(transform).__name__)) 

# This may result in the callbacks being hit twice, but guarantees they 

# will be hit at least once. 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

def get_alpha(self): 

""" 

Return the alpha value used for blending - not supported on all 

backends 

""" 

return self._alpha 

 

def get_visible(self): 

"Return the artist's visiblity" 

return self._visible 

 

def get_animated(self): 

"Return the artist's animated state" 

return self._animated 

 

def get_in_layout(self): 

""" 

Return boolean flag, ``True`` if artist is included in layout 

calculations. 

 

E.g. :doc:`/tutorials/intermediate/constrainedlayout_guide`, 

`.Figure.tight_layout()`, and 

``fig.savefig(fname, bbox_inches='tight')``. 

""" 

return self._in_layout 

 

def get_clip_on(self): 

'Return whether artist uses clipping' 

return self._clipon 

 

def get_clip_box(self): 

'Return artist clipbox' 

return self.clipbox 

 

def get_clip_path(self): 

'Return artist clip path' 

return self._clippath 

 

def get_transformed_clip_path_and_affine(self): 

''' 

Return the clip path with the non-affine part of its 

transformation applied, and the remaining affine part of its 

transformation. 

''' 

if self._clippath is not None: 

return self._clippath.get_transformed_path_and_affine() 

return None, None 

 

def set_clip_on(self, b): 

""" 

Set whether artist uses clipping. 

 

When False artists will be visible out side of the axes which 

can lead to unexpected results. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

b : bool 

""" 

self._clipon = b 

# This may result in the callbacks being hit twice, but ensures they 

# are hit at least once 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

def _set_gc_clip(self, gc): 

'Set the clip properly for the gc' 

if self._clipon: 

if self.clipbox is not None: 

gc.set_clip_rectangle(self.clipbox) 

gc.set_clip_path(self._clippath) 

else: 

gc.set_clip_rectangle(None) 

gc.set_clip_path(None) 

 

def get_rasterized(self): 

"""Return whether the artist is to be rasterized.""" 

return self._rasterized 

 

def set_rasterized(self, rasterized): 

""" 

Force rasterized (bitmap) drawing in vector backend output. 

 

Defaults to None, which implies the backend's default behavior. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

rasterized : bool or None 

""" 

if rasterized and not hasattr(self.draw, "_supports_rasterization"): 

warnings.warn("Rasterization of '%s' will be ignored" % self) 

 

self._rasterized = rasterized 

 

def get_agg_filter(self): 

"""Return filter function to be used for agg filter.""" 

return self._agg_filter 

 

def set_agg_filter(self, filter_func): 

"""Set the agg filter. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

filter_func : callable 

A filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi 

value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array. 

 

.. ACCEPTS: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array 

and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array 

""" 

self._agg_filter = filter_func 

self.stale = True 

 

def draw(self, renderer, *args, **kwargs): 

'Derived classes drawing method' 

if not self.get_visible(): 

return 

self.stale = False 

 

def set_alpha(self, alpha): 

""" 

Set the alpha value used for blending - not supported on all backends. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

alpha : float 

""" 

self._alpha = alpha 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

def set_visible(self, b): 

""" 

Set the artist's visibility. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

b : bool 

""" 

self._visible = b 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

def set_animated(self, b): 

""" 

Set the artist's animation state. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

b : bool 

""" 

if self._animated != b: 

self._animated = b 

self.pchanged() 

 

def set_in_layout(self, in_layout): 

""" 

Set if artist is to be included in layout calculations, 

E.g. :doc:`/tutorials/intermediate/constrainedlayout_guide`, 

`.Figure.tight_layout()`, and 

``fig.savefig(fname, bbox_inches='tight')``. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

in_layout : bool 

""" 

self._in_layout = in_layout 

 

def update(self, props): 

""" 

Update this artist's properties from the dictionary *prop*. 

""" 

def _update_property(self, k, v): 

"""Sorting out how to update property (setter or setattr). 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

k : str 

The name of property to update 

v : obj 

The value to assign to the property 

 

Returns 

------- 

ret : obj or None 

If using a `set_*` method return it's return, else None. 

""" 

k = k.lower() 

# white list attributes we want to be able to update through 

# art.update, art.set, setp 

if k in {'axes'}: 

return setattr(self, k, v) 

else: 

func = getattr(self, 'set_' + k, None) 

if not callable(func): 

raise AttributeError('Unknown property %s' % k) 

return func(v) 

 

with cbook._setattr_cm(self, eventson=False): 

ret = [_update_property(self, k, v) for k, v in props.items()] 

 

if len(ret): 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

return ret 

 

def get_label(self): 

"""Get the label used for this artist in the legend.""" 

return self._label 

 

def set_label(self, s): 

""" 

Set the label to *s* for auto legend. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

s : object 

*s* will be converted to a string by calling `str`. 

""" 

if s is not None: 

self._label = str(s) 

else: 

self._label = None 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

def get_zorder(self): 

"""Return the artist's zorder.""" 

return self.zorder 

 

def set_zorder(self, level): 

""" 

Set the zorder for the artist. Artists with lower zorder 

values are drawn first. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

level : float 

""" 

if level is None: 

level = self.__class__.zorder 

self.zorder = level 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

@property 

def sticky_edges(self): 

""" 

`x` and `y` sticky edge lists. 

 

When performing autoscaling, if a data limit coincides with a value in 

the corresponding sticky_edges list, then no margin will be added--the 

view limit "sticks" to the edge. A typical usecase is histograms, 

where one usually expects no margin on the bottom edge (0) of the 

histogram. 

 

This attribute cannot be assigned to; however, the `x` and `y` lists 

can be modified in place as needed. 

 

Examples 

-------- 

 

>>> artist.sticky_edges.x[:] = (xmin, xmax) 

>>> artist.sticky_edges.y[:] = (ymin, ymax) 

 

""" 

return self._sticky_edges 

 

def update_from(self, other): 

'Copy properties from *other* to *self*.' 

self._transform = other._transform 

self._transformSet = other._transformSet 

self._visible = other._visible 

self._alpha = other._alpha 

self.clipbox = other.clipbox 

self._clipon = other._clipon 

self._clippath = other._clippath 

self._label = other._label 

self._sketch = other._sketch 

self._path_effects = other._path_effects 

self.sticky_edges.x[:] = other.sticky_edges.x[:] 

self.sticky_edges.y[:] = other.sticky_edges.y[:] 

self.pchanged() 

self.stale = True 

 

def properties(self): 

""" 

return a dictionary mapping property name -> value for all Artist props 

""" 

return ArtistInspector(self).properties() 

 

def set(self, **kwargs): 

"""A property batch setter. Pass *kwargs* to set properties. 

""" 

props = OrderedDict( 

sorted(kwargs.items(), reverse=True, 

key=lambda x: (self._prop_order.get(x[0], 0), x[0]))) 

 

return self.update(props) 

 

def findobj(self, match=None, include_self=True): 

""" 

Find artist objects. 

 

Recursively find all :class:`~matplotlib.artist.Artist` instances 

contained in self. 

 

*match* can be 

 

- None: return all objects contained in artist. 

 

- function with signature ``boolean = match(artist)`` 

used to filter matches 

 

- class instance: e.g., Line2D. Only return artists of class type. 

 

If *include_self* is True (default), include self in the list to be 

checked for a match. 

 

""" 

if match is None: # always return True 

def matchfunc(x): 

return True 

elif isinstance(match, type) and issubclass(match, Artist): 

def matchfunc(x): 

return isinstance(x, match) 

elif callable(match): 

matchfunc = match 

else: 

raise ValueError('match must be None, a matplotlib.artist.Artist ' 

'subclass, or a callable') 

 

artists = sum([c.findobj(matchfunc) for c in self.get_children()], []) 

if include_self and matchfunc(self): 

artists.append(self) 

return artists 

 

def get_cursor_data(self, event): 

""" 

Get the cursor data for a given event. 

""" 

return None 

 

def format_cursor_data(self, data): 

""" 

Return *cursor data* string formatted. 

""" 

try: 

data[0] 

except (TypeError, IndexError): 

data = [data] 

data_str = ', '.join('{:0.3g}'.format(item) for item in data if 

isinstance(item, (np.floating, np.integer, int, float))) 

return "[" + data_str + "]" 

 

@property 

def mouseover(self): 

return self._mouseover 

 

@mouseover.setter 

def mouseover(self, val): 

val = bool(val) 

self._mouseover = val 

ax = self.axes 

if ax: 

if val: 

ax._mouseover_set.add(self) 

else: 

ax._mouseover_set.discard(self) 

 

 

class ArtistInspector(object): 

""" 

A helper class to inspect an `~matplotlib.artist.Artist` and return 

information about its settable properties and their current values. 

""" 

 

def __init__(self, o): 

r""" 

Initialize the artist inspector with an `Artist` or an iterable of 

`Artist`\s. If an iterable is used, we assume it is a homogeneous 

sequence (all `Artists` are of the same type) and it is your 

responsibility to make sure this is so. 

""" 

if not isinstance(o, Artist): 

if cbook.iterable(o): 

o = list(o) 

if len(o): 

o = o[0] 

 

self.oorig = o 

if not inspect.isclass(o): 

o = type(o) 

self.o = o 

 

self.aliasd = self.get_aliases() 

 

def get_aliases(self): 

""" 

Get a dict mapping property fullnames to sets of aliases for each alias 

in the :class:`~matplotlib.artist.ArtistInspector`. 

 

e.g., for lines:: 

 

{'markerfacecolor': {'mfc'}, 

'linewidth' : {'lw'}, 

} 

""" 

names = [name for name in dir(self.o) 

if name.startswith(('set_', 'get_')) 

and callable(getattr(self.o, name))] 

aliases = {} 

for name in names: 

func = getattr(self.o, name) 

if not self.is_alias(func): 

continue 

propname = re.search("`({}.*)`".format(name[:4]), # get_.*/set_.* 

func.__doc__).group(1) 

aliases.setdefault(propname, set()).add(name[4:]) 

return aliases 

 

_get_valid_values_regex = re.compile( 

r"\n\s*(?:\.\.\s+)?ACCEPTS:\s*((?:.|\n)*?)(?:$|(?:\n\n))" 

) 

 

def get_valid_values(self, attr): 

""" 

Get the legal arguments for the setter associated with *attr*. 

 

This is done by querying the docstring of the function *set_attr* 

for a line that begins with "ACCEPTS" or ".. ACCEPTS": 

 

e.g., for a line linestyle, return 

"[ ``'-'`` | ``'--'`` | ``'-.'`` | ``':'`` | ``'steps'`` | ``'None'`` 

]" 

""" 

 

name = 'set_%s' % attr 

if not hasattr(self.o, name): 

raise AttributeError('%s has no function %s' % (self.o, name)) 

func = getattr(self.o, name) 

 

docstring = func.__doc__ 

if docstring is None: 

return 'unknown' 

 

if docstring.startswith('alias for '): 

return None 

 

match = self._get_valid_values_regex.search(docstring) 

if match is not None: 

return re.sub("\n *", " ", match.group(1)) 

 

# Much faster than list(inspect.signature(func).parameters)[1], 

# although barely relevant wrt. matplotlib's total import time. 

param_name = func.__code__.co_varnames[1] 

match = re.search("(?m)^ *{} : (.+)".format(param_name), docstring) 

if match: 

return match.group(1) 

 

return 'unknown' 

 

def _get_setters_and_targets(self): 

""" 

Get the attribute strings and a full path to where the setter 

is defined for all setters in an object. 

""" 

 

setters = [] 

for name in dir(self.o): 

if not name.startswith('set_'): 

continue 

func = getattr(self.o, name) 

if not callable(func): 

continue 

nargs = len(inspect.getfullargspec(func).args) 

if nargs < 2 or self.is_alias(func): 

continue 

source_class = self.o.__module__ + "." + self.o.__name__ 

for cls in self.o.mro(): 

if name in cls.__dict__: 

source_class = cls.__module__ + "." + cls.__name__ 

break 

source_class = self._replace_path(source_class) 

setters.append((name[4:], source_class + "." + name)) 

return setters 

 

def _replace_path(self, source_class): 

""" 

Changes the full path to the public API path that is used 

in sphinx. This is needed for links to work. 

""" 

 

replace_dict = {'_base._AxesBase': 'Axes', 

'_axes.Axes': 'Axes'} 

 

for key, value in replace_dict.items(): 

source_class = source_class.replace(key, value) 

return source_class 

 

def get_setters(self): 

""" 

Get the attribute strings with setters for object. e.g., for a line, 

return ``['markerfacecolor', 'linewidth', ....]``. 

""" 

 

return [prop for prop, target in self._get_setters_and_targets()] 

 

def is_alias(self, o): 

""" 

Return *True* if method object *o* is an alias for another 

function. 

""" 

ds = o.__doc__ 

if ds is None: 

return False 

return ds.startswith('alias for ') 

 

def aliased_name(self, s): 

""" 

return 'PROPNAME or alias' if *s* has an alias, else return 

PROPNAME. 

 

e.g., for the line markerfacecolor property, which has an 

alias, return 'markerfacecolor or mfc' and for the transform 

property, which does not, return 'transform' 

""" 

 

if s in self.aliasd: 

return s + ''.join([' or %s' % x 

for x in sorted(self.aliasd[s])]) 

else: 

return s 

 

def aliased_name_rest(self, s, target): 

""" 

return 'PROPNAME or alias' if *s* has an alias, else return 

PROPNAME formatted for ReST 

 

e.g., for the line markerfacecolor property, which has an 

alias, return 'markerfacecolor or mfc' and for the transform 

property, which does not, return 'transform' 

""" 

 

if s in self.aliasd: 

aliases = ''.join([' or %s' % x 

for x in sorted(self.aliasd[s])]) 

else: 

aliases = '' 

return ':meth:`%s <%s>`%s' % (s, target, aliases) 

 

def pprint_setters(self, prop=None, leadingspace=2): 

""" 

If *prop* is *None*, return a list of strings of all settable 

properties and their valid values. 

 

If *prop* is not *None*, it is a valid property name and that 

property will be returned as a string of property : valid 

values. 

""" 

if leadingspace: 

pad = ' ' * leadingspace 

else: 

pad = '' 

if prop is not None: 

accepts = self.get_valid_values(prop) 

return '%s%s: %s' % (pad, prop, accepts) 

 

attrs = self._get_setters_and_targets() 

attrs.sort() 

lines = [] 

 

for prop, path in attrs: 

accepts = self.get_valid_values(prop) 

name = self.aliased_name(prop) 

 

lines.append('%s%s: %s' % (pad, name, accepts)) 

return lines 

 

def pprint_setters_rest(self, prop=None, leadingspace=4): 

""" 

If *prop* is *None*, return a list of strings of all settable 

properties and their valid values. Format the output for ReST 

 

If *prop* is not *None*, it is a valid property name and that 

property will be returned as a string of property : valid 

values. 

""" 

if leadingspace: 

pad = ' ' * leadingspace 

else: 

pad = '' 

if prop is not None: 

accepts = self.get_valid_values(prop) 

return '%s%s: %s' % (pad, prop, accepts) 

 

attrs = self._get_setters_and_targets() 

attrs.sort() 

lines = [] 

 

######## 

names = [self.aliased_name_rest(prop, target) 

for prop, target in attrs] 

accepts = [self.get_valid_values(prop) for prop, target in attrs] 

 

col0_len = max(len(n) for n in names) 

col1_len = max(len(a) for a in accepts) 

 

lines.append('') 

lines.append(pad + '.. table::') 

lines.append(pad + ' :class: property-table') 

pad += ' ' 

 

table_formatstr = pad + '=' * col0_len + ' ' + '=' * col1_len 

 

lines.append('') 

lines.append(table_formatstr) 

lines.append(pad + 'Property'.ljust(col0_len + 3) + 

'Description'.ljust(col1_len)) 

lines.append(table_formatstr) 

 

lines.extend([pad + n.ljust(col0_len + 3) + a.ljust(col1_len) 

for n, a in zip(names, accepts)]) 

 

lines.append(table_formatstr) 

lines.append('') 

return lines 

 

def properties(self): 

""" 

return a dictionary mapping property name -> value 

""" 

o = self.oorig 

getters = [name for name in dir(o) 

if name.startswith('get_') and callable(getattr(o, name))] 

getters.sort() 

d = dict() 

for name in getters: 

func = getattr(o, name) 

if self.is_alias(func): 

continue 

 

try: 

with warnings.catch_warnings(): 

warnings.simplefilter('ignore') 

val = func() 

except: 

continue 

else: 

d[name[4:]] = val 

 

return d 

 

def pprint_getters(self): 

""" 

Return the getters and actual values as list of strings. 

""" 

 

lines = [] 

for name, val in sorted(self.properties().items()): 

if getattr(val, 'shape', ()) != () and len(val) > 6: 

s = str(val[:6]) + '...' 

else: 

s = str(val) 

s = s.replace('\n', ' ') 

if len(s) > 50: 

s = s[:50] + '...' 

name = self.aliased_name(name) 

lines.append(' %s = %s' % (name, s)) 

return lines 

 

 

def getp(obj, property=None): 

""" 

Return the value of object's property. *property* is an optional string 

for the property you want to return 

 

Example usage:: 

 

getp(obj) # get all the object properties 

getp(obj, 'linestyle') # get the linestyle property 

 

*obj* is a :class:`Artist` instance, e.g., 

:class:`~matplotllib.lines.Line2D` or an instance of a 

:class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes` or :class:`matplotlib.text.Text`. 

If the *property* is 'somename', this function returns 

 

obj.get_somename() 

 

:func:`getp` can be used to query all the gettable properties with 

``getp(obj)``. Many properties have aliases for shorter typing, e.g. 

'lw' is an alias for 'linewidth'. In the output, aliases and full 

property names will be listed as: 

 

property or alias = value 

 

e.g.: 

 

linewidth or lw = 2 

""" 

if property is None: 

insp = ArtistInspector(obj) 

ret = insp.pprint_getters() 

print('\n'.join(ret)) 

return 

 

func = getattr(obj, 'get_' + property) 

return func() 

 

# alias 

get = getp 

 

 

def setp(obj, *args, **kwargs): 

""" 

Set a property on an artist object. 

 

matplotlib supports the use of :func:`setp` ("set property") and 

:func:`getp` to set and get object properties, as well as to do 

introspection on the object. For example, to set the linestyle of a 

line to be dashed, you can do:: 

 

>>> line, = plot([1,2,3]) 

>>> setp(line, linestyle='--') 

 

If you want to know the valid types of arguments, you can provide 

the name of the property you want to set without a value:: 

 

>>> setp(line, 'linestyle') 

linestyle: [ '-' | '--' | '-.' | ':' | 'steps' | 'None' ] 

 

If you want to see all the properties that can be set, and their 

possible values, you can do:: 

 

>>> setp(line) 

... long output listing omitted 

 

You may specify another output file to `setp` if `sys.stdout` is not 

acceptable for some reason using the `file` keyword-only argument:: 

 

>>> with fopen('output.log') as f: 

>>> setp(line, file=f) 

 

:func:`setp` operates on a single instance or a iterable of 

instances. If you are in query mode introspecting the possible 

values, only the first instance in the sequence is used. When 

actually setting values, all the instances will be set. e.g., 

suppose you have a list of two lines, the following will make both 

lines thicker and red:: 

 

>>> x = arange(0,1.0,0.01) 

>>> y1 = sin(2*pi*x) 

>>> y2 = sin(4*pi*x) 

>>> lines = plot(x, y1, x, y2) 

>>> setp(lines, linewidth=2, color='r') 

 

:func:`setp` works with the MATLAB style string/value pairs or 

with python kwargs. For example, the following are equivalent:: 

 

>>> setp(lines, 'linewidth', 2, 'color', 'r') # MATLAB style 

>>> setp(lines, linewidth=2, color='r') # python style 

""" 

 

if isinstance(obj, Artist): 

objs = [obj] 

else: 

objs = list(cbook.flatten(obj)) 

 

if not objs: 

return 

 

insp = ArtistInspector(objs[0]) 

 

# file has to be popped before checking if kwargs is empty 

printArgs = {} 

if 'file' in kwargs: 

printArgs['file'] = kwargs.pop('file') 

 

if not kwargs and len(args) < 2: 

if args: 

print(insp.pprint_setters(prop=args[0]), **printArgs) 

else: 

print('\n'.join(insp.pprint_setters()), **printArgs) 

return 

 

if len(args) % 2: 

raise ValueError('The set args must be string, value pairs') 

 

# put args into ordereddict to maintain order 

funcvals = OrderedDict((k, v) for k, v in zip(args[::2], args[1::2])) 

ret = [o.update(funcvals) for o in objs] + [o.set(**kwargs) for o in objs] 

return list(cbook.flatten(ret)) 

 

 

def kwdoc(artist): 

r""" 

Inspect an `~matplotlib.artist.Artist` class and return 

information about its settable properties and their current values. 

 

It use the class `.ArtistInspector`. 

 

Parameters 

---------- 

artist : `~matplotlib.artist.Artist` or an iterable of `Artist`\s 

 

Returns 

------- 

string 

Returns a string with a list or rst table with the settable properties 

of the *artist*. The formating depends on the value of 

:rc:`docstring.hardcopy`. False result in a list that is intended for 

easy reading as a docstring and True result in a rst table intended 

for rendering the documentation with sphinx. 

""" 

hardcopy = matplotlib.rcParams['docstring.hardcopy'] 

if hardcopy: 

return '\n'.join(ArtistInspector(artist).pprint_setters_rest( 

leadingspace=4)) 

else: 

return '\n'.join(ArtistInspector(artist).pprint_setters( 

leadingspace=2)) 

 

docstring.interpd.update(Artist=kwdoc(Artist))