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# http://pyrocko.org - GPLv3
#
# The Pyrocko Developers, 21st Century
# ---|P------/S----------~Lg----------
from __future__ import absolute_import
import logging
from pyrocko.guts import StringPattern, StringChoice, String, Float, Int,\
Timestamp, Object, List, Union, Bool, Unicode
from pyrocko.model import event
from pyrocko.gui import marker
from pyrocko import moment_tensor
import numpy as num
logger = logging.getLogger('pyrocko.io.quakeml')
guts_prefix = 'quakeml'
guts_xmlns = 'http://quakeml.org/xmlns/bed/1.2'
polarity_choices = {'positive': 1, 'negative': -1, 'undecidable': None}
class QuakeMLError(Exception):
pass
class NoPreferredOriginSet(QuakeMLError):
pass
def one_element_or_none(li):
if len(li) == 1:
return li[0]
elif len(li) == 0:
return None
else:
logger.warning('More than one element in list: {}'.format(li))
return None
class ResourceIdentifier(StringPattern):
pattern = "^(smi|quakeml):[\\w\\d][\\w\\d\\-\\.\\*\\(\\)_~']{2,}/[\\w" +\
"\\d\\-\\.\\*\\(\\)_~'][\\w\\d\\-\\.\\*\\(\\)\\+\\?_~'=,;#/&]*$"
class WhitespaceOrEmptyStringType(StringPattern):
pattern = '^\\s*$'
class OriginUncertaintyDescription(StringChoice):
choices = [
'horizontal uncertainty',
'uncertainty ellipse',
'confidence ellipsoid']
class AmplitudeCategory(StringChoice):
choices = ['point', 'mean', 'duration', 'period', 'integral', 'other']
class OriginDepthType(StringChoice):
choices = [
'from location',
'from moment tensor inversion',
'from modeling of broad-band P waveforms',
'constrained by depth phases',
'constrained by direct phases',
'constrained by depth and direct phases',
'operator assigned',
'other']
class OriginType(StringChoice):
choices = [
'hypocenter',
'centroid',
'amplitude',
'macroseismic',
'rupture start',
'rupture end']
class MTInversionType(StringChoice):
choices = ['general', 'zero trace', 'double couple']
class EvaluationMode(StringChoice):
choices = ['manual', 'automatic']
class EvaluationStatus(StringChoice):
choices = ['preliminary', 'confirmed', 'reviewed', 'final', 'rejected']
class PickOnset(StringChoice):
choices = ['emergent', 'impulsive', 'questionable']
class EventType(StringChoice):
choices = [
'not existing',
'not reported',
'earthquake',
'anthropogenic event',
'collapse',
'cavity collapse',
'mine collapse',
'building collapse',
'explosion',
'accidental explosion',
'chemical explosion',
'controlled explosion',
'experimental explosion',
'industrial explosion',
'mining explosion',
'quarry blast',
'road cut',
'blasting levee',
'nuclear explosion',
'induced or triggered event',
'rock burst',
'reservoir loading',
'fluid injection',
'fluid extraction',
'crash',
'plane crash',
'train crash',
'boat crash',
'other event',
'atmospheric event',
'sonic boom',
'sonic blast',
'acoustic noise',
'thunder',
'avalanche',
'snow avalanche',
'debris avalanche',
'hydroacoustic event',
'ice quake',
'slide',
'landslide',
'rockslide',
'meteorite',
'volcanic eruption',
'duplicate earthquake',
'rockburst']
class DataUsedWaveType(StringChoice):
choices = [
'P waves',
'body waves',
'surface waves',
'mantle waves',
'combined',
'unknown']
class AmplitudeUnit(StringChoice):
choices = ['m', 's', 'm/s', 'm/(s*s)', 'm*s', 'dimensionless', 'other']
class EventDescriptionType(StringChoice):
choices = [
'felt report',
'Flinn-Engdahl region',
'local time',
'tectonic summary',
'nearest cities',
'earthquake name',
'region name']
class MomentTensorCategory(StringChoice):
choices = ['teleseismic', 'regional']
class EventTypeCertainty(StringChoice):
choices = ['known', 'suspected']
class SourceTimeFunctionType(StringChoice):
choices = ['box car', 'triangle', 'trapezoid', 'unknown']
class PickPolarity(StringChoice):
choices = list(polarity_choices.keys())
class AgencyID(String):
pass
class Author(Unicode):
pass
class Version(String):
pass
class Phase(Object):
value = String.T(xmlstyle='content')
class GroundTruthLevel(String):
pass
class AnonymousNetworkCode(String):
pass
class AnonymousStationCode(String):
pass
class AnonymousChannelCode(String):
pass
class AnonymousLocationCode(String):
pass
class Type(String):
pass
class MagnitudeHint(String):
pass
class Region(Unicode):
pass
class RealQuantity(Object):
value = Float.T()
uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
lower_uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
upper_uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
confidence_level = Float.T(optional=True)
class IntegerQuantity(Object):
value = Int.T()
uncertainty = Int.T(optional=True)
lower_uncertainty = Int.T(optional=True)
upper_uncertainty = Int.T(optional=True)
confidence_level = Float.T(optional=True)
class ConfidenceEllipsoid(Object):
semi_major_axis_length = Float.T()
semi_minor_axis_length = Float.T()
semi_intermediate_axis_length = Float.T()
major_axis_plunge = Float.T()
major_axis_azimuth = Float.T()
major_axis_rotation = Float.T()
class TimeQuantity(Object):
value = Timestamp.T()
uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
lower_uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
upper_uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
confidence_level = Float.T(optional=True)
class TimeWindow(Object):
begin = Float.T()
end = Float.T()
reference = Timestamp.T()
class ResourceReference(ResourceIdentifier):
pass
class DataUsed(Object):
wave_type = DataUsedWaveType.T()
station_count = Int.T(optional=True)
component_count = Int.T(optional=True)
shortest_period = Float.T(optional=True)
longest_period = Float.T(optional=True)
class EventDescription(Object):
text = Unicode.T()
type = EventDescriptionType.T(optional=True)
class SourceTimeFunction(Object):
type = SourceTimeFunctionType.T()
duration = Float.T()
rise_time = Float.T(optional=True)
decay_time = Float.T(optional=True)
class OriginQuality(Object):
associated_phase_count = Int.T(optional=True)
used_phase_count = Int.T(optional=True)
associated_station_count = Int.T(optional=True)
used_station_count = Int.T(optional=True)
depth_phase_count = Int.T(optional=True)
standard_error = Float.T(optional=True)
azimuthal_gap = Float.T(optional=True)
secondary_azimuthal_gap = Float.T(optional=True)
ground_truth_level = GroundTruthLevel.T(optional=True)
maximum_distance = Float.T(optional=True)
minimum_distance = Float.T(optional=True)
median_distance = Float.T(optional=True)
class Axis(Object):
azimuth = RealQuantity.T()
plunge = RealQuantity.T()
length = RealQuantity.T()
class Tensor(Object):
mrr = RealQuantity.T(xmltagname='Mrr')
mtt = RealQuantity.T(xmltagname='Mtt')
mpp = RealQuantity.T(xmltagname='Mpp')
mrt = RealQuantity.T(xmltagname='Mrt')
mrp = RealQuantity.T(xmltagname='Mrp')
mtp = RealQuantity.T(xmltagname='Mtp')
class NodalPlane(Object):
strike = RealQuantity.T()
dip = RealQuantity.T()
rake = RealQuantity.T()
class CompositeTime(Object):
year = IntegerQuantity.T(optional=True)
month = IntegerQuantity.T(optional=True)
day = IntegerQuantity.T(optional=True)
hour = IntegerQuantity.T(optional=True)
minute = IntegerQuantity.T(optional=True)
second = RealQuantity.T(optional=True)
class OriginUncertainty(Object):
horizontal_uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
min_horizontal_uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
max_horizontal_uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
azimuth_max_horizontal_uncertainty = Float.T(optional=True)
confidence_ellipsoid = ConfidenceEllipsoid.T(optional=True)
preferred_description = OriginUncertaintyDescription.T(optional=True)
confidence_level = Float.T(optional=True)
class ResourceReferenceOptional(Union):
members = [ResourceReference.T(), WhitespaceOrEmptyStringType.T()]
class CreationInfo(Object):
agency_id = AgencyID.T(optional=True, xmltagname='agencyID')
agency_uri = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='agencyURI')
author = Author.T(optional=True)
author_uri = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='authorURI')
creation_time = Timestamp.T(optional=True)
version = Version.T(optional=True)
class StationMagnitudeContribution(Object):
station_magnitude_id = ResourceReference.T(xmltagname='stationMagnitudeID')
residual = Float.T(optional=True)
weight = Float.T(optional=True)
class PrincipalAxes(Object):
t_axis = Axis.T()
p_axis = Axis.T()
n_axis = Axis.T(optional=True)
class NodalPlanes(Object):
preferred_plane = Int.T(optional=True, xmlstyle='attribute')
nodal_plane1 = NodalPlane.T(optional=True)
nodal_plane2 = NodalPlane.T(optional=True)
class WaveformStreamID(Object):
value = ResourceReferenceOptional.T(xmlstyle='content')
network_code = AnonymousNetworkCode.T(xmlstyle='attribute')
station_code = AnonymousStationCode.T(xmlstyle='attribute')
channel_code = AnonymousChannelCode.T(optional=True, xmlstyle='attribute')
location_code = AnonymousLocationCode.T(
optional=True, xmlstyle='attribute')
@property
def nslc_id(self):
return (self.network_code, self.station_code, self.location_code,
self.channel_code)
class Comment(Object):
id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmlstyle='attribute')
text = Unicode.T()
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
class MomentTensor(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
data_used_list = List.T(DataUsed.T())
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
derived_origin_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='derivedOriginID')
moment_magnitude_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='momentMagnitudeID')
scalar_moment = RealQuantity.T(optional=True)
tensor = Tensor.T(optional=True)
variance = Float.T(optional=True)
variance_reduction = Float.T(optional=True)
double_couple = Float.T(optional=True)
clvd = Float.T(optional=True)
iso = Float.T(optional=True)
greens_function_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='greensFunctionID')
filter_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='filterID')
source_time_function = SourceTimeFunction.T(optional=True)
method_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='methodID')
category = MomentTensorCategory.T(optional=True)
inversion_type = MTInversionType.T(optional=True)
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
def pyrocko_moment_tensor(self):
mrr = self.tensor.mrr.value
mtt = self.tensor.mtt.value
mpp = self.tensor.mpp.value
mrt = self.tensor.mrt.value
mrp = self.tensor.mrp.value
mtp = self.tensor.mtp.value
mt = moment_tensor.MomentTensor(m_up_south_east=num.matrix([
[mrr, mrt, mrp], [mrt, mtt, mtp], [mrp, mtp, mpp]]))
return mt
class Amplitude(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
generic_amplitude = RealQuantity.T()
type = Type.T(optional=True)
category = AmplitudeCategory.T(optional=True)
unit = AmplitudeUnit.T(optional=True)
method_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='methodID')
period = RealQuantity.T(optional=True)
snr = Float.T(optional=True)
time_window = TimeWindow.T(optional=True)
pick_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='pickID')
waveform_id = WaveformStreamID.T(optional=True, xmltagname='waveformID')
filter_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='filterID')
scaling_time = TimeQuantity.T(optional=True)
magnitude_hint = MagnitudeHint.T(optional=True)
evaluation_mode = EvaluationMode.T(optional=True)
evaluation_status = EvaluationStatus.T(optional=True)
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
class Magnitude(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
station_magnitude_contribution_list = List.T(
StationMagnitudeContribution.T())
mag = RealQuantity.T()
type = Type.T(optional=True)
origin_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='originID')
method_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='methodID')
station_count = Int.T(optional=True)
azimuthal_gap = Float.T(optional=True)
evaluation_mode = EvaluationMode.T(optional=True)
evaluation_status = EvaluationStatus.T(optional=True)
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
class StationMagnitude(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
origin_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='originID')
mag = RealQuantity.T()
type = Type.T(optional=True)
amplitude_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='amplitudeID')
method_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='methodID')
waveform_id = WaveformStreamID.T(optional=True, xmltagname='waveformID')
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
class Arrival(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
pick_id = ResourceReference.T(xmltagname='pickID')
phase = Phase.T()
time_correction = Float.T(optional=True)
azimuth = Float.T(optional=True)
distance = Float.T(optional=True)
takeoff_angle = RealQuantity.T(optional=True)
time_residual = Float.T(optional=True)
horizontal_slowness_residual = Float.T(optional=True)
backazimuth_residual = Float.T(optional=True)
time_weight = Float.T(optional=True)
time_used = Int.T(optional=True)
horizontal_slowness_weight = Float.T(optional=True)
backazimuth_weight = Float.T(optional=True)
earth_model_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='earthModelID')
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
class Pick(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
time = TimeQuantity.T()
waveform_id = WaveformStreamID.T(xmltagname='waveformID')
filter_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='filterID')
method_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='methodID')
horizontal_slowness = RealQuantity.T(optional=True)
backazimuth = RealQuantity.T(optional=True)
slowness_method_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='slownessMethodID')
onset = PickOnset.T(optional=True)
phase_hint = Phase.T(optional=True)
polarity = PickPolarity.T(optional=True)
evaluation_mode = EvaluationMode.T(optional=True)
evaluation_status = EvaluationStatus.T(optional=True)
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
@property
def pyrocko_polarity(self):
return polarity_choices.get(self.polarity, None)
def get_pyrocko_phase_marker(self, event=None):
if not self.phase_hint:
logger.warn('Pick %s: phase_hint undefined' % self.public_id)
phasename = 'undefined'
else:
phasename = self.phase_hint.value
return marker.PhaseMarker(
event=event, nslc_ids=[self.waveform_id.nslc_id],
tmin=self.time.value, tmax=self.time.value,
phasename=phasename,
polarity=self.pyrocko_polarity,
automatic=self.evaluation_mode)
class FocalMechanism(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
waveform_id_list = List.T(WaveformStreamID.T(xmltagname='waveformID'))
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
moment_tensor_list = List.T(MomentTensor.T())
triggering_origin_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='triggeringOriginID')
nodal_planes = NodalPlanes.T(optional=True)
principal_axes = PrincipalAxes.T(optional=True)
azimuthal_gap = Float.T(optional=True)
station_polarity_count = Int.T(optional=True)
misfit = Float.T(optional=True)
station_distribution_ratio = Float.T(optional=True)
method_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='methodID')
evaluation_mode = EvaluationMode.T(optional=True)
evaluation_status = EvaluationStatus.T(optional=True)
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
class Origin(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
composite_time_list = List.T(CompositeTime.T())
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
origin_uncertainty_list = List.T(OriginUncertainty.T())
arrival_list = List.T(Arrival.T())
time = TimeQuantity.T()
longitude = RealQuantity.T()
latitude = RealQuantity.T()
depth = RealQuantity.T(optional=True)
depth_type = OriginDepthType.T(optional=True)
time_fixed = Bool.T(optional=True)
epicenter_fixed = Bool.T(optional=True)
reference_system_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='referenceSystemID')
method_id = ResourceReference.T(optional=True, xmltagname='methodID')
earth_model_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='earthModelID')
quality = OriginQuality.T(optional=True)
type = OriginType.T(optional=True)
region = Region.T(optional=True)
evaluation_mode = EvaluationMode.T(optional=True)
evaluation_status = EvaluationStatus.T(optional=True)
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
def position_values(self):
lat = self.latitude.value
lon = self.longitude.value
if not self.depth:
logger.warn(
'Origin %s: Depth is undefined. Set to depth=0.' %
self.public_id)
depth = 0.
else:
depth = self.depth.value
return lat, lon, depth
def get_pyrocko_event(self):
lat, lon, depth = self.position_values()
otime = self.time.value
if self.creation_info:
cat = self.creation_info.agency_id
else:
cat = None
return event.Event(
name=self.public_id,
lat=lat,
lon=lon,
time=otime,
depth=depth,
catalog=cat,
region=self.region)
class Event(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
description_list = List.T(EventDescription.T())
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
focal_mechanism_list = List.T(FocalMechanism.T())
amplitude_list = List.T(Amplitude.T())
magnitude_list = List.T(Magnitude.T())
station_magnitude_list = List.T(StationMagnitude.T())
origin_list = List.T(Origin.T())
pick_list = List.T(Pick.T())
preferred_origin_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='preferredOriginID')
preferred_magnitude_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='preferredMagnitudeID')
preferred_focal_mechanism_id = ResourceReference.T(
optional=True, xmltagname='preferredFocalMechanismID')
type = EventType.T(
optional=True)
type_certainty = EventTypeCertainty.T(
optional=True)
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(
optional=True)
region = Region.T(
optional=True)
def describe(self):
return '''%s:
origins: %i %s
magnitudes: %i %s
focal_machanisms: %i %s
picks: %i
amplitudes: %i
station_magnitudes: %i''' % (
self.public_id,
len(self.origin_list),
'@' if self.preferred_origin_id else '-',
len(self.magnitude_list),
'@' if self.preferred_magnitude_id else '-',
len(self.focal_mechanism_list),
'@' if self.preferred_focal_mechanism_id else '-',
len(self.pick_list),
len(self.amplitude_list),
len(self.station_magnitude_list))
def get_pyrocko_phase_markers(self):
event = self.get_pyrocko_event()
return [
p.get_pyrocko_phase_marker(event=event) for p in self.pick_list]
def get_pyrocko_event(self):
'''
Convert into Pyrocko event object.
Uses *preferred* origin, magnitude, and moment tensor. If no preferred
item is specified, it picks the first from the list and emits a
warning.
'''
origin = self.preferred_origin
if not origin and self.origin_list:
origin = self.origin_list[0]
if len(self.origin_list) > 1:
logger.warn(
'Event %s: No preferred origin set, '
'more than one available, using first' % self.public_id)
if not origin:
raise QuakeMLError(
'No origin available for event: %s' % self.public_id)
ev = origin.get_pyrocko_event()
foc_mech = self.preferred_focal_mechanism
if not foc_mech and self.focal_mechanism_list:
foc_mech = self.focal_mechanism_list[0]
if len(self.focal_mechanism_list) > 1:
logger.warn(
'Event %s: No preferred focal mechanism set, '
'more than one available, using first' % ev.name)
if foc_mech and foc_mech.moment_tensor_list:
ev.moment_tensor = \
foc_mech.moment_tensor_list[0].pyrocko_moment_tensor()
if len(foc_mech.moment_tensor_list) > 1:
logger.warn(
'more than one moment tensor available, using first')
mag = None
pref_mag = self.preferred_magnitude
if pref_mag:
mag = pref_mag
elif self.magnitude_list:
mag = self.magnitude_list[0]
if len(self.magnitude_list) > 1:
logger.warn(
'Event %s: No preferred magnitude set, '
'more than one available, using first' % ev.name)
if mag:
ev.magnitude = mag.mag.value
ev.magnitude_type = mag.type
ev.region = self.get_effective_region()
return ev
def get_effective_region(self):
if self.region:
return self.region
for desc in self.description_list:
if desc.type in ('Flinn-Engdahl region', 'region name'):
return desc.text
return None
@property
def preferred_origin(self):
return one_element_or_none(
[x for x in self.origin_list
if x.public_id == self.preferred_origin_id])
@property
def preferred_magnitude(self):
return one_element_or_none(
[x for x in self.magnitude_list
if x.public_id == self.preferred_magnitude_id])
@property
def preferred_focal_mechanism(self):
return one_element_or_none(
[x for x in self.focal_mechanism_list
if x.public_id == self.preferred_focal_mechanism_id])
class EventParameters(Object):
public_id = ResourceReference.T(
xmlstyle='attribute', xmltagname='publicID')
comment_list = List.T(Comment.T())
event_list = List.T(Event.T(xmltagname='event'))
description = Unicode.T(optional=True)
creation_info = CreationInfo.T(optional=True)
class QuakeML(Object):
xmltagname = 'quakeml'
xmlns = 'http://quakeml.org/xmlns/quakeml/1.2'
guessable_xmlns = [xmlns, guts_xmlns]
event_parameters = EventParameters.T(optional=True)
def get_events(self):
return self.event_parameters.event_list
def get_pyrocko_events(self):
'''
Extract a list of :py:class:`pyrocko.model.Event` instances
'''
events = []
for e in self.event_parameters.event_list:
events.append(e.get_pyrocko_event())
return events
def get_pyrocko_phase_markers(self):
markers = []
for e in self.event_parameters.event_list:
markers.extend(e.get_pyrocko_phase_markers())
return markers
@classmethod
def load_xml(cls, *args, **kwargs):
kwargs['ns_hints'] = [
'http://quakeml.org/xmlns/quakeml/1.2',
'http://quakeml.org/xmlns/bed/1.2']
kwargs['ns_ignore'] = True
return super(QuakeML, cls).load_xml(*args, **kwargs)
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