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"""Utilities for writing code that runs on Python 2 and 3""" 

 

# Copyright (c) 2010-2012 Benjamin Peterson 

# 

# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of 

# this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in 

# the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to 

# use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of 

# the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, 

# subject to the following conditions: 

# 

# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all 

# copies or substantial portions of the Software. 

# 

# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR 

# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS 

# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR 

# COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER 

# IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN 

# CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. 

 

import operator 

import sys 

import types 

 

__author__ = "Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>" 

__version__ = "1.2.0" 

 

 

# True if we are running on Python 3. 

PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3 

 

if PY3: 

string_types = str, 

integer_types = int, 

class_types = type, 

text_type = str 

binary_type = bytes 

 

MAXSIZE = sys.maxsize 

else: 

string_types = basestring, 

integer_types = (int, long) 

class_types = (type, types.ClassType) 

text_type = unicode 

binary_type = str 

 

if sys.platform.startswith("java"): 

# Jython always uses 32 bits. 

MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1) 

else: 

# It's possible to have sizeof(long) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t). 

class X(object): 

def __len__(self): 

return 1 << 31 

try: 

len(X()) 

except OverflowError: 

# 32-bit 

MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1) 

else: 

# 64-bit 

MAXSIZE = int((1 << 63) - 1) 

del X 

 

 

def _add_doc(func, doc): 

"""Add documentation to a function.""" 

func.__doc__ = doc 

 

 

def _import_module(name): 

"""Import module, returning the module after the last dot.""" 

__import__(name) 

return sys.modules[name] 

 

 

# Replacement for lazy loading stuff in upstream six. See gh-2764 

if PY3: 

import builtins 

import functools 

reduce = functools.reduce 

zip = builtins.zip 

xrange = builtins.range 

else: 

import __builtin__ 

import itertools 

builtins = __builtin__ 

reduce = __builtin__.reduce 

zip = itertools.izip 

xrange = __builtin__.xrange 

 

 

if PY3: 

_meth_func = "__func__" 

_meth_self = "__self__" 

 

_func_code = "__code__" 

_func_defaults = "__defaults__" 

 

_iterkeys = "keys" 

_itervalues = "values" 

_iteritems = "items" 

else: 

_meth_func = "im_func" 

_meth_self = "im_self" 

 

_func_code = "func_code" 

_func_defaults = "func_defaults" 

 

_iterkeys = "iterkeys" 

_itervalues = "itervalues" 

_iteritems = "iteritems" 

 

 

try: 

advance_iterator = next 

except NameError: 

def advance_iterator(it): 

return it.next() 

next = advance_iterator 

 

 

if PY3: 

def get_unbound_function(unbound): 

return unbound 

 

Iterator = object 

 

def callable(obj): 

return any("__call__" in klass.__dict__ for klass in type(obj).__mro__) 

else: 

def get_unbound_function(unbound): 

return unbound.im_func 

 

class Iterator(object): 

 

def next(self): 

return type(self).__next__(self) 

 

callable = callable 

_add_doc(get_unbound_function, 

"""Get the function out of a possibly unbound function""") 

 

 

get_method_function = operator.attrgetter(_meth_func) 

get_method_self = operator.attrgetter(_meth_self) 

get_function_code = operator.attrgetter(_func_code) 

get_function_defaults = operator.attrgetter(_func_defaults) 

 

 

def iterkeys(d): 

"""Return an iterator over the keys of a dictionary.""" 

return iter(getattr(d, _iterkeys)()) 

 

 

def itervalues(d): 

"""Return an iterator over the values of a dictionary.""" 

return iter(getattr(d, _itervalues)()) 

 

 

def iteritems(d): 

"""Return an iterator over the (key, value) pairs of a dictionary.""" 

return iter(getattr(d, _iteritems)()) 

 

 

if PY3: 

def b(s): 

return s.encode("latin-1") 

 

def u(s): 

return s 

 

if sys.version_info[1] <= 1: 

def int2byte(i): 

return bytes((i,)) 

else: 

# This is about 2x faster than the implementation above on 3.2+ 

int2byte = operator.methodcaller("to_bytes", 1, "big") 

import io 

StringIO = io.StringIO 

BytesIO = io.BytesIO 

else: 

def b(s): 

return s 

 

def u(s): 

return unicode(s, "unicode_escape") 

int2byte = chr 

import StringIO 

StringIO = BytesIO = StringIO.StringIO 

_add_doc(b, """Byte literal""") 

_add_doc(u, """Text literal""") 

 

 

if PY3: 

import builtins 

exec_ = getattr(builtins, "exec") 

 

def reraise(tp, value, tb=None): 

if value.__traceback__ is not tb: 

raise value.with_traceback(tb) 

raise value 

 

print_ = getattr(builtins, "print") 

del builtins 

 

else: 

def exec_(code, globs=None, locs=None): 

"""Execute code in a namespace.""" 

if globs is None: 

frame = sys._getframe(1) 

globs = frame.f_globals 

if locs is None: 

locs = frame.f_locals 

del frame 

elif locs is None: 

locs = globs 

exec("""exec code in globs, locs""") 

 

exec_("""def reraise(tp, value, tb=None): 

raise tp, value, tb 

""") 

 

def print_(*args, **kwargs): 

"""The new-style print function.""" 

fp = kwargs.pop("file", sys.stdout) 

if fp is None: 

return 

 

def write(data): 

if not isinstance(data, basestring): 

data = str(data) 

fp.write(data) 

want_unicode = False 

sep = kwargs.pop("sep", None) 

if sep is not None: 

if isinstance(sep, unicode): 

want_unicode = True 

elif not isinstance(sep, str): 

raise TypeError("sep must be None or a string") 

end = kwargs.pop("end", None) 

if end is not None: 

if isinstance(end, unicode): 

want_unicode = True 

elif not isinstance(end, str): 

raise TypeError("end must be None or a string") 

if kwargs: 

raise TypeError("invalid keyword arguments to print()") 

if not want_unicode: 

for arg in args: 

if isinstance(arg, unicode): 

want_unicode = True 

break 

if want_unicode: 

newline = unicode("\n") 

space = unicode(" ") 

else: 

newline = "\n" 

space = " " 

if sep is None: 

sep = space 

if end is None: 

end = newline 

for i, arg in enumerate(args): 

if i: 

write(sep) 

write(arg) 

write(end) 

 

_add_doc(reraise, """Reraise an exception.""") 

 

 

def with_metaclass(meta, base=object): 

"""Create a base class with a metaclass.""" 

return meta("NewBase", (base,), {})